Stream tin from Cornwall was 50 tons (45360kg).Ī Bodmin Moor resident has reported that streaming was carried out by farmers, Henwood (1873/4) reported that in 1873 the total output of Higgans (1979) draws attention to the Angarrack Smelting House (SW583382) coinageīooks, which survive up to 1741 and record the receipt of stream tin (Bolitho RecordsĭDRG 1/122-7 CRO). In Cornwall’ and twenty years later Collins also describes the practice (1875 p33). Scarcity, yet there remains still enough to prevent tin streaming from becoming extinct Stones rejected at one time becoming valuable at another from their comparative Have been well worked, and the ground turned over probably twice or thrice, the tin Even in 1855 Leifchild (p202) records that ‘Although the richest deposits ![]() Inclusion in the works of Pryce (1778 p131-5), Borlase (1758 p161) and Hitchens andĭrew (1824). Streamworking clearly remained of sufficient importance to merit The 18th and 19th Centuries (Dines 1956 Harris 1968 p26, p45).ĭespite the growth in shaft mining, alluvial deposits continued to be exploited through Smaller scale than in Cornwall, but around 50 tin mines are known to have operated in Opencast methods in Devon (Greeves 1981b Gerrard 1997 p104). Of hundreds of Cornish mines, not all of which were purely for tin.Īfter c.1700 deep mining using shafts and adits appears to have been preferred over Collins (1912) and Dines (1956) provide extensive lists The second decade of the 18th Century, and plunger pattern pumps in 1810 – these wereĭelved to ever-greater depths. Remove water from the lower levels – notably the introduction of the steam engine in Many more shaft mines were opened, and with advances in pumping technology to Pryce (1778 p20) refers to mines ‘at or near the sea cliffs’. Penwith and St Agnes mining districts, there was exploitation of cliffside outcrops. In Cornwall, in coastal areas, particularly in the An overview of the subject has been provided by Barton (1967,ĭocumentary evidence makes it clear that lode ores were providing an increasing Business records andĪccounts provide much information regarding smelting houses and the workings of the Ownership by partnerships and companies owned by shareholders. ![]() Maintaining smelting furnaces escalated from the 18th Century there is a shift to ![]() With increasing industrialization, the costs and capital outlay involved in setting up and Suffering another fall in 1896, stabilizes once again at around 6,000-7,000 tons ![]() By contrast, Cornish oreĮxtraction increases steadily up to 1871, peaking at 16,759 tons (15,203,765 kg) –Įquating to a metallic tin output of 10,900 tons (9,888,480 kg) (Hedges 1969 p13) –įalling off very slightly thereafter but remaining relatively stable at around 13,000-ġ4,000 tons (11,800,000-12,700,00 kg) for the rest of the 19th Century, then after Remainder of the 19th Century, and into the 20th, with 97 tons (87,998 kg) of tin oreīeing recorded as late as 1913 (Burt et al 1984 Table 1). Quantity of tin (amounting to approximately 1% of the total UK output) for much of the Ore output from 1852 to 1913 for Devon and Cornwall has been summarized by Burt etĪl (1984 TaTable 5), and shows that Devon continued to produce a small The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland’. The Mining Record Office, and published in annual volumes as ‘Mineral Statistics of Later production figures were compiled by The coinage system was abolished in 1838. Table 1.5: Tin Coined in Devon and Cornwall in the 18th and 19th Centuries (Data Cornish output reached a peakĪround 1780, declined slightly around the turn of the century, but afterwards rose to
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